In grammar practice，substitution and_________

设计任务：阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语写作教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但必须包含下列要点： ·teaching objectives ·teaching contents ·key and difficult points ·major steps and time allocation ·activities and justifications 教学时间：20分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中一年级学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材： Dear Zhou Kai， How are you We′ re doing a class survey and I have to write emails to all my pen friends inother countries. I hope you don′ t mind answering these questions. 1 Do most adults smoke in China 2 In most states in the US， it is now against the law to smoke in public buildings， such asbanks and offices， on public transport and in restaurants and cafes. Is it the same in China 3 Is the government planning to change the law about smoking in public Hope you can answer my three questions! Best wishes， Paul
It was March 5， 2013 __________ president Hugo cost his last fight in life at the age of 58.
When the teacher is presenting a new language， giving explanations， checking answers，which of the following should be adopted?
The high prices for corn--while driving hunger in Africa--have encouraged other farmers to__________land from wheat， soybeans， or even pasture to corn production.
Drunken driving， sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder， has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed hy drunken drivers， adding up an incredible 350，000 over the past decade. A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers， glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American alcohol image and judges were lenient in most courts， but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies， especially involving young children， that public opinion is no longer so tolerant. Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21， reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18， the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled， so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers， however， fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop"responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink. Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and in many areas already， to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state， some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years' national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919， which President Hoover called the"noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking， but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally， there is no easy solution. What is the author's attitude toward all the laws against drunken driving?
Which of the following is a communicative activity?
根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。简述形成性评价的概念及目的，并列举其中的一种评价方式。
To assess how well a student is performing relative to his or her own previous performance，a teacher would use__________ assessment.
Which of the following is NOT true about the assessment in language teaching?
下列教学片段选自某高中课堂实录，阅读后回答问题： T: Ok!Next， let's read the text and choose the best heading for each paragraph. Read the passage and choose the best heading for each paragraph. (5 minutes later) T: Now， who can show us the answer? S1: B， A， C， F， E. T: You are clever， but， do you have any other ideas for Paragraph 3? SI: Ohsorry， It's D. T: Excellent!Now we have known the main meaning of each paragraph. This time let's read each paragraph carefully. Then， make a group discussion and try to fill in the form. 10 minutes please. (10 minutes later.) T: Time is up. Which group wants to show your form to us? Ok， Group 1. S2: ... T: Well done. Do you agree with them? Ss: Yes! T: Ok， very good. (1)分析该教师的教学目标。(9分) (2)该教学片段属于教学中的哪个环节?请评析教师在该片段中是如何实现其教学目标的。(1 1分) (3)请评析该教师的反馈方式。(10分)

In grammar practice，substitution and__________drills are most frequently used in?mechanical practice.